Château d’Yquem 2019

Chateau d'Yquem is a world-renowned winery located in the Sauternes region of Bordeaux, France. It is particularly famous for its sweet white wines, which are made from grapes affected by Botrytis cinerea, a fungus commonly known as noble rot.

The history of Chateau d'Yquem dates back to the middle ages. The King of England, Richard I, also known as Richard the Lionheart, once owned Chateau d'Yquem. Richard acquired the property in the late 12th century, during his reign as King of England from 1189 to 1199. He was known for his love of wine and reportedly praised the quality of the wines produced at Chateau d'Yquem, which were already famous at the time. However, Richard did not own the property for long, and it eventually passed through several different owners before being acquired by the Lur-Saluces family in the 18th century. The family owned and operated the winery for more than 200 years, during which time they established a reputation for producing some of the world's finest sweet wines. Chateau d'Yquem is currently majority owned by LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton, a French luxury goods conglomerate. LVMH acquired the stake in the winery in 1999 from various members of the Lur-Saluces family, which retains a minor interest in the producer after more than two centuries.

The winery's vineyards cover around 125 hectares, with a mix of grape varieties, including Semillon and Sauvignon Blanc. The unique climate of the Sauternes region, with its misty mornings and warm, sunny afternoons, creates ideal conditions for the development of noble rot, which is necessary for the production of the winery's signature sweet wines. Sauternes production is a risky business– as nature can be incredibly fickle and the cultivation of botrytis is very much left to chance.  If the rot does not infect enough of the vineyards, high-ranking producers like Château d’Yquem will abstain from crafting a vintage all together.  Because of this, each successful vintage of Sauternes is a treasure meant to be celebrated in its own right, and producers that achieve the quality level of Château d’Yquem are truly remarkable vignerons. 

Château d’Yquem is blessed with some truly exceptional terroir, and it is the only producer that is classified as a First Growth Premier Cru Superieur within the appellation. Interestingly enough, Chateau d'Yquem's vineyards are known for their unique blue clay soils, the same blue clay instrumental to the success of some legendary Pomerol wines such as Château Petrus, Trotanou, and Clos du Clocher. The blue clay, also known as "mystique clay," is a rare type of soil found only in a few select locations in the Sauternes region of Bordeaux, where Chateau d'Yquem is located. The blue clay is particularly well-suited to the cultivation of the Semillon grape, which is one of the primary varieties used in the production of the winery's sweet wines. The clay helps to regulate moisture levels in the vineyard, which is important for the development of noble rot, the fungus that contributes to the unique flavor profile of Chateau d'Yquem wines. Overall, the blue clay soils of Chateau d'Yquem are considered a key factor in the winery's success and reputation for producing some of the world's finest sweet wines.

Chateau d'Yquem wines are highly sought after and can command high prices at auction. They are known for their complexity, richness, and balance, with flavors of honey, apricot, and vanilla, among others. The winery produces both a grand vin and a second wine, and only the best vintages are bottled as grand vin. Château d’Yquem is a wine that any person should experience at least once.  It is surprisingly versatile, and though distinctly honeyed, it pairs with a plethora of dishes.  Sauternes is a stunning alternative to dry wines when paired with poultry dishes and is exceptional with cheeses of any kind.  The wine’s sweetness contrasts beautifully with exotically flavored and spicy dishes as well. 

“Owners LVMH took the decision to delay the release of the 2019 Yquem until spring 2022. It was tasted with winemaker Sandrine Garbay in London. After the summer drought when Sauternes received just 2.5mm of rain until 26 July, that day saw a 112mm deluge that replenished underground reserves and gave ripening the push it needed. Dry and warm conditions prevailed throughout September when there was no sign of botrytis infection. That was finally provoked by 38mm of rain between 21 and 25 of September, followed by warm clement weather. After minor picking of Sauvignon Blanc on 7 of October, the main harvest began in earnest on 10 October. Pickers worked over the following five days, including Sunday. Time was of the essence because, as forecasts predicted, the weather suddenly changed on 14 of October with 40mm or rain. After that, the picking teams skirted between showers between 17 and 22 of October, though by now the fruit had begun to deteriorate. Therefore, the key aspect of this Yquem is the extremely tight picking window. The final blend contains 138g/L residual sugar, which is slightly less than the previous vintage, with 5.5g/L total acidity and 14.4% alcohol. Tasting the 2019, I noticed that it has a slightly paler hue compared to recent vintages (though I never read too much into the colour of young Sauternes.) For certain, it has a highly-aromatic bouquet that is beguiling in purity, enticing aromas of honeysuckle and saffron, soon joined by camomile, white flowers and orange blossom. It has wonderful delineation and gains intensity with aeration. The palate is supremely well-balanced with fine bead of acidity. Very harmonious and armed with just the right amount of viscosity, this Yquem is surprisingly understated at first but gains presence, offering irresistible flavours of layers of honey, lemongrass, lemon thyme and orange pith. Yquem is so tempting in its youth, but I feel that this vintage will repay those with the nous to cellar for at least a decade.” - Neal Martin, Vinous (02/17/2022) Ratings: 98, Drink: 2032-2080

"Clear push and pull between acidity and lusciousness from the first moments. A higher percentage of Sauvignon Blanc than in a typical year, showing in sculpted gunsmoke and white truffle on the opening beats. Fresher flavours continue with lemongrass and lime zest, broadening out into luscious mango, grilled caramel, pineapple and brioche, and a welcome edge of bitterness on the finish with mandarin peel and oyster shell salinity. As has so often been the case in recent years, the team at Yquem needed to hold their nerve, as a dry September meant the noble rot took its time to get underway, with harvest finally taking place from around October 10 though to early November. 138g/l residual sugar, 10hl/h yield. Organic conversion began in August 2019, with certification expected 2022. Winemaker Sandrine Garbay." - Jane Anson, (03/04/2022), Ratings: 97, Drink: 2022-2050

"The 2019 vintage of Château d'Yquem has the highest proportion (45%) of Sauvignon Blanc in any modern Yquem. The Sauvignon Blanc adds to the freshness, acting as a great balance to the succulent, sweet and voluptuous palate. Intense peach and apricot, combined with lemon and orange zest, make this highly appealing to drink right away – an ideal vintage with which to start Yquem’s ‘lighthouse’ project. However, it would be a shame not to give this 10+ years maturation to see how it develops. Very well, I suspect. The growing season was both warm and wet, with mildew a big threat. After a mostly dry September, 40mm rain came at the end of the month, leading to a very short harvest window. All of the Yquem grapes were picked in two tries within a one-week period." - Andy Howard MW, Decanter, Ratings: 97, Drink: 2025-2060